Rugby And Football Essays - Ball Games, Football Codes, Team Sports

Rugby And Football Rugby and Football The thick, wide bore competitor inhales intensely and snorts with each progression as he and his colleagues push forcefully against the restriction. His arms are bolted over his colleagues' shoulders, the entirety of their heads down. The two groups are pushing against one another like two moose battling over domain. He looks down to see the ball, sitting just before his feet. On the off chance that he could simply snare it with his foot and hurl it to his partner behind him... This is the thing that each player in a scrum is thinking while they battle each other for ownership. Rugby is the genuine game of men, since you wear no cushions, furthermore, it is significantly more vicious than football; nonetheless, football necessitates that you wear cushions, hence being the genuine game of need to-be men. The guidelines of these comparative yet tremendously various games are incredibly mind boggling, so just the fundamentals are important to recognize the better game. In football, the essential standard is that you should propel the ball forward by tossing it or going for it. When a player with the ball is brought down, the whole group lines up once more, and the ball is snapped to the quarterback. The brief delay in the middle of each down may not appear huge, yet it certainly negatively affects the energy. In rugby, in any case, the essential standard is that you can just propel the ball by running with, kicking, or passing it. With passing, however, you can just pass the ball in reverse or straightforwardly to your side, never forward. Like football, you score by running the ball into the endzone or by kicking it through the uprights. Too, you should contact the ball to the ground for it to tally, and it is worth five focuses. When kicking, the ball can be kicked from anyplace suddenly. In the event that it goes through the uprights, it is worth three focuses, as in football. The gear for the two games is generally unique, with football requiring a lot more. In football, players must wear an enormous arrangement of cushions, covering the vast majority of their body, and a veiled cap. The ball is comprised of a swelled elastic bladder, encircled by sewed calfskin, and it seems ellipsoidal fit as a fiddle. Most players currently wear cleated or spiked shoes, yet level soles are frequently worn for counterfeit turf surfaces. Yet, rugby, being the genuine game of men, utilizes no cushions of head protectors. Indeed the main hardware that are fairly comparable in the two games can be found starting from the ankles. Players wear a pullover, normally long-sleeved, athletic shorts, and cleated shoes. The ball has an oval shape to it, and is blunter than a football so it might effortlessly be skiped and dropkicked. The inceptions of football follow back to old Greece when they played a type of football know as harpaston, and the Romans played a comparative game, harpastum. In medieval occasions, another type of football, calcio, thrived in Italy. Most current adaptations of football in any case, began in England, where a type of the game was known in the twelfth century. Rugby is said to have begun when a kid at Rugby School in Rugby, England got and conveyed the ball during a game of football in 1823. Beforehand, the principles had just permitted the ball to be kicked. As I said previously, rugby is the genuine game of men. It is the incomparable test of solidarity, perseverance, assurance, and dexterity. While in football, the players are so presumptuous and insatiable about how much cash they will make during this game, that the greater part of them don't work their hardest to win, as long as they get by.

Etiology of bipolar disorder Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Etiology of bipolar issue - Research Paper Example ological yet of late serious psychotherapy is as a rule progressively perceived as a superior other option, albeit total treatment is as yet viewed as in its test stages. There have various examinations to clarify the etiology of the ailment which have advanced from clarifications of conduct, social and mental factors as its causes to the lopsidedness of synapses in the mind and hereditary imperfections making certain people especially inclined to it. As bipolar mental issue is described by inconsistent, rotating occasions of sadness and hyper express, the excitatory and inhibitory neuronal transmission have been the practical objectives of pharmacological intercessions. Atomic and cell targets incorporate hindrance of catalysts, for example, inositol monophosphatase, inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase, and so on by the organization of lithium salts whereby the lithium particle seeks a magnesium restricting site which is liable for inciting the activity of such chemicals (Gould et al, 2004). Additionally valproate and carbamazapine repress another arrangement of chemicals, just as atomic flagging pathways in neuronal transmission. Restraint of these compounds is liable for the conditional remedial activity. Another viewpoint which has been seen in mental malady is the high heritability of schizophrenia just as bipolar issue which directs a finger at the hereditary inclination toward such disarranges (Owen et al, 2004). Exploratory investigations in atomic hereditary qualities are as of now in progress and chromosomal anomalies have been seen at explicit areas of the human genome acquired from victims of psycho substantial ailment. In bipolar sickness, contribution of different qualities has been suspected for long and considers are along these lines multifaceted in plan, yet plausible with the cutting edge instruments of atomic science which have opened up as of late. In a genome wide affiliation study directed on pooled tests got principally from European

How to Keep Up With College Reading

The most effective method to Keep Up With College Reading The degree of out-of-class perusing required in school can be really extreme. In the event that youre new to school, your perusing load is likely essentially higher than what you encountered in secondary school; if youre a senior in school, the level appears to go up every year, similarly as you might suspect youve balanced. Despite your particular circumstance, realizing how to stay aware of school perusing can be a genuine test. Luckily, theres no correct method to remain on target with your understanding burden. A reasonable arrangement originates from discovering something that works for your own taking in style - and from understanding that being adaptable is a piece of any drawn out arrangement. Make sense of How You Best Make Progress on Your Reading Finishing your allocated perusing is something beyond examining your eyes over the page; its comprehension and considering the material. For certain understudies, this is best practiced in short blasts, while others learn best by perusing for longer timeframes. Consider and even investigation with what works best for you. Do you hold more by perusing in 20-minute time spans? Or then again improve by going through an hour or two truly jumping into the perusing and not doing something else? So also, do you have to have mood melodies on, be in an uproarious bistro, or have the calm of the library? Every understudy has their own particular manner of doing schoolwork viably; make sense of what direction is best for you. Timetable Reading Time Into Your Calendar Most understudies are extraordinary at booking things like club gatherings, football match-ups, classes, and different exercises into their schedules. Extra things, similar to schoolwork and clothing, frequently simply complete at whatever point conceivable. This sort of free booking with perusing and assignments, be that as it may, can prompt stalling and a minute ago packing. Thus, record (and ensure you keep) time in your calendar to do your perusing every week. In the event that you can make an arrangement to go to a club meeting, you can surely make a comparable arrangement to complete your perusing. Peruse Effectively A few understudies take takes note of; a few understudies feature; a few understudies make cheat sheets; others have their own framework that works for them. Doing your perusing includes something other than getting from page 1 to page 36; it includes understanding what youre perusing and, potentially, utilizing that information later (like during a test or in a paper). To keep yourself from rehashing later, be compelling during your first read-through. Its a lot simpler, all things considered, to revisit your notes and features for pages 1-36 than it is to totally rehash every one of the 36 pages before your midterm. Recognize That You Can't Get Everything Done All of the Time Its a brutal reality - and extraordinary time the executives ability - to understand that doing 100% of your perusing 100% of the time is about (if not really) unthinkable in school. Its imperative to realize what you cannot complete and afterward to take the path of least resistance now and again. Would you be able to work with different understudies to separate the perusing, and afterward examine in a gathering later? Would you be able to release something in a class youre previously doing admirably in and concentrate more on a class youre battling in? Would you be able to skim materials for one course, along these lines permitting yourself to peruse materials for another course with additional time and consideration? Now and again, you simply cant get the entirety of your school perusing done, regardless of how diligently you attempt or how great your aims are. Also, as long as this is the special case and not the standard, figuring out how to be adaptable with and acclimate to wh at youre practically ready to achieve can, indeed, lead to you being progressively powerful and profitable with what youre ready to do.

Recreating the Norm in Single-sex Sports :: Sports Essays

Reproducing the 'Norm' in Single-sex Sports When exploring the expenses and advantages of an individual contending in a game considered non-conventional for their sexual orientation, we should initially respond to the topic of what makes the single-sex status of these games so significant. We realize that much debate frequently encompasses the absorption of a specific sex into a game not customarily considered their own, yet we may neglect to inquire as to why this is the situation in the first place. To start with, recognize that the response to this inquiry will in all probability fluctuate a piece between sexes. For men, I accept a great part of the drive to keep certain games single-sex, originates from a predominance/power battle. The vast majority of the male sports referenced spotlight predominantly on unadulterated quality, and on account of boxing, spryness. The possibility that a lady can exceed expectations, or even outperform her male partner, in a game depending so vigorously on strong ability, appears to me like an issue that could be in a general sense compromising. At the point when I notice power battle, it's for the most part in reference to a battle for predominance, yet I accept that a considerable lot of the men who look downward on ladies who enter sports basically depending on physical quality, may feel undermined in the two regards. On the furthest edge of the range, quite a bit of what may drive them away from generally female games, is the reality these g ames are frequently considered excessively 'ladylike' to legitimize male support. It's nearly just as the 'manly' component of a game suggests a type of intrinsic trouble, while a game esteemed 'female' isn't really thought to be very as trying. With respect to females taking an interest in increasingly male ruled games, it appears just as they run into comparative issues. Most ladies modest away structure support in male overwhelmed sports in dread of seeming to be excessively manly. This additionally plays into the force elements that have characterized people jobs for a really long time. Ladies are either hesitant to, or not, at this point even consider, pushing back against their characteristically characterized jobs. There are clearly numerous people who have tested these jobs after some time, and who keep on pushing these to some degree impalpable limits. I accept the advantages of forsaking the sexual orientation jobs in sports unequivocally exceed the expenses. The greatest advantage appears to me to be, essentially, the open door for the two guys and females to feel good taking an interest in whichever sports they may feel attracted to.

Products Or Services Of Accounting Businessâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Products Or Services Of Accounting Business? Answer: Introducation The Australian Consumer Law, which is a piece of Competition and Consumer Act, 2010 furnishes that any announcement related with the items or administrations of the business should be precise, valid and equipped for being validated. Then again, if the purchasers have been deceived, focuses might be endorsed. In such a case it doesn't make a difference if the bogus articulation was made purposefully or not. Along these lines the Australian Consumer Law gives that it is illicit to a business to offer an off base expression or an explanation that may make the bogus impression.. Such articulations incorporate the announcements or promotions gave in the media (counting print, TV, radio or internet based life) or on the bundling of the item. Correspondingly, it likewise speaks to any explanation that has been made an individual who speaks to the business. In spite of the fact that the law gives that serious publicizing can be utilized to advance the predominance of the items or administrat ions of the organization when contrasted with its rivals, yet in such a case the case ought to be exact. Such a correlation can be connected with the quality, cost or the scope of the item or administrations. Application: By applying the previously mentioned lawful guidelines to the realities of this inquiry, it tends to be said that BikeHike Ltd is obligated for the announcement made by Gary. The explanation is that this announcement was a bogus articulation and it has been made on the internet based life. Additionally, the announcement was made by an individual who spoke to the business the executives. Accordingly, ToughMount can bring activity under the Australian Consumer Law against BikeHike Ltd for the bogus explanation made by Gary on the Facebook page of the organization. Also, as Gary was speaking to the organization, BikeHike Ltd when he offered the expression, it very well may be said that the organizations at risk for Gary's activities. the main issue for this situation, is if the components required to make a legitimate agreement are available among Brenda and Steven which may permit Brenda to sue Steven for penetrate of agreement. Correspondingly, another issue is the cures that might be accessible to Brenda, on the off chance that it is set up that there has been a break of agreement. Rule: The Australian agreement law furnishes the guidelines related with the arrangement of a substantial agreement between the gatherings. The arrangement of an agreement manages the prerequisites that are important to make a substantial agreement. An agreement can be portrayed as a guarantee or a lot of guarantees that can be legitimately upheld against the gatherings. Along these lines in such manner, a guarantee can be portrayed as an endeavor by one gathering or not to accomplish something consequently the other individual concurs or vows to do or not to accomplish something. Such a guarantee or a lot of guarantees turns out to be legitimately enforceable if certain fundamental components are available. For this reason it is required that there ought to be an understanding between the gatherings (offer and acknowledgment), alongside thought and the expectation of going into lawful relations, just as the lawful limit of the gatherings to contract. The custom-based law accommodates the cure of harms and exchanged cases. In situations where there has been a penetrate of agreement. In this specific circumstance, the harms are granted by the court as a substitute for execution. Before the harms are granted so as to bring the offended party up similarly situated where it would have been if the agreement was not penetrated. Henceforth, correctional harms are not granted. They would ever cures incorporate the cure of explicit execution and directives. If there should arise an occurrence of the cure of explicit execution, the court makes a request under which the breaking party is coordinated to play out the agreement in the manner. That is indicated by the court. Directives can be portrayed as the requests, which are about the not to accomplish something, for instance, the gathering ought not persevere with the penetrate of the agreement. Surrendering to the realities that have been referenced in this inquiry, it tends to be said that the fundamental components, required for making a legitimate agreement are available among Brenda and Steven. An offer was made by to buy the specific fabric and Brenda had acknowledged this proposal by answering through the email. Subsequently it tends to be said that a legitimate agreement was made among Brenda and Steven. Thus, Brenda can make a move against Steven for the break of agreement. Additionally, the cures that are accessible if there should be an occurrence of a penetrate of agreement will be accessible to Brenda.Brenda can make a move against Steven for the break of agreement. Correspondingly, she may see the cure of harms or the cure of explicit execution for the penetrate of agreement by Steven.The issues that should be chosen in this inquiry is if Bill and Mary have gone into an organization understanding or on the off chance that they were acting under a joint endeavor . Likewise, another issue is the need to separate between a joint endeavor and association. Rule: Generally, the terms joint endeavor and association are utilized reciprocally. Along these lines, numerous individuals have the error with respect to the effect between the two. A joint endeavor can be portrayed as an understanding that exists between at least two people or organizations. For this situation, the gatherings choose to cooperate for the accomplishment of a vital objective. Also, simultaneously, they keep up their different organizations or substances. If there should arise an occurrence of a joint endeavor, each gathering is held at risk for the obligations that have been harmed for the undertaking and also toward the finish of the task, for the most part they separate the benefits between themselves. Typically the connection between the gatherings is represented by a composed joint endeavor understanding. Then again, an organization can be depicted as a progressing relationship that exists between the gatherings. As against an organization, an association doesn't a different legitimate element. Along these lines, under the law, each accomplice is held at risk for the activities of different accomplices. The significant contrast between an association and a joint endeavor is that while the accomplices are together and severally at risk for one another, this isn't the situation in a joint endeavor. Another distinction that exists between the two is that in the event of a joint endeavor, there is no continuous connection between the gatherings and by and large it has the conclusive end. in the current case, the connection between the gatherings, Bill and Mary, was constrained to assembling and selling cardboard containers produced using reused paper. Hence, this relationship had an authoritative end, and it was anything but a continuous relationship. Therefore, in the current case, the connection between the gatherings can be depicted as a joint endeavor. It is noteworthy to keep up the contrast between an organization and the joint endeavor, on the grounds that the lock value has forced certain extra legitimate commitments on the accomplices. Thusly, the accomplices have certain extra guardian obligations. Customarily these obligations are not viewed as applying to joint ventures.In this case, the connection among Bill and Mary was that of a joint endeavor. The contrast between the two is noteworthy in light of the fact that specific extra obligations have been forced on the accomplices by the law.An rejection condition can be depicted as a proviso of the agreement, by and large recorded as a hard copy, as per which it is expressed that involved with the agreement can't be held at risk for a specific occurring. For instance, when an individual is going to leave his vehicle in a vehicle leave by paying a charge, the proprietor of the vehicle park will attempt to reject his obligation for any harm that might be caused to the vehicle in the vehicle leave. Notwithstanding, the law gives that a rejection provision can be treated as legitimate just if such a condition has been appropriately fused in the agreement and it is additionally vital that the proviso ought not be in opposition to the law. A provision is said to be appropriately consolidated in the agreement just in the event that it was excluded from the agreement after the development of the agreement. In the event of a marked agreement, for the most part it will be considered as being remembered for the agreement. Nonetheless, if a marked agreement is absent, however there is a printed report or a sign, which makes reference to the terms, such term can be remembered for the agreement just if the term was brought to the notification of the other party before the development of the agreement. Application: In this inquiry, Giovanni is an older outsider from Italy. He had little familiarity with English. Accordingly, when Ben, the truck driver offered the agreement to hint, Giovanni couldn't comprehend what was referenced in the term of the agreement. He had marked the agreement when Ben told that it was standard approval and marked by everybody. Under these conditions, it very well may be said that the prohibition statement was not a piece of the agreement. Thus, QRZ Motors can't depend on the rejection statement and they can't decline to pay to Giovanni. the issue in this inquiry is connected with the obligation of the East End Four Corners Supermarket when John had slipped on the floor of the showcasing on certain grapes. John neglected to see the grapes since he was occupied in sending an instant message was spouse. On the opposite end, the head supervisor educated that the passageways were consistently assessed for spillages however on that day, the specific representa tive doled out to clean the spillage was on leave. So as to build up the obligation of the litigant under carelessness, the petitioner is required to set up that the respondent was subject for the injury and the respondent had the obligation of care and the litigant was careless (Fitzsimmons v Coles Supermarkets, 2013). While choosing this issue, the court thinks about what might have been finished by some other sensible individual. Thus, the court likewise investigates different conditions like contributory carelessness and assent (Jackson v McDonalds Australia Ltd, 2014). In such cases, the measure of harms granted to the petitioner relies upon the reality of the wounds suff

Three Effective Ways of Writing an English Essay - 550 Words

Three Effective Ways of Writing an English Essay (Essay Sample) Content: The Three most Effective Ways of Writing an Essay in EnglishName of Student:Institution:Writing begins when one becomes spiteful. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s like having a good sneeze, argues Lawrence (1913). Essay writing is a venture that clearly attempts to explain and answer questions about a person's thoughts. It forms a continuous structured, paragraphed paper that defines an area of writing, claims (Cottrell, 2008). In his influential work The Study Skills Handbook, Cottrell argues that individual essay vary with the choice of the writer with effective essay writing consisting of three basic parts. For this reason, this essay intends to explore the three effective ways of writing an essay in English.Having established what an essay English paper is, this essay will now consider one of the three basic parts, the introduction. The essay introduction of any paper has to capture the reader's thoughts. Such grabbers include the use of proverbs, anecdotes, surprising facts and cu riosity questions (Greetham, 2008). Greetham (2008) further explains that the introduction has three main primary objectives. It explains the context of the essay by establishing the scope of the essay from a general to a more specific subtopic. Questions such as why, when, where, why and how to focus on the overall question that is the thesis statement. Addressing these major question calls for clarity and specificity of the thesis statement (Hunter, 2008). Finally, the introduction highlights the major points to the conclusion. With such an introduction, the readerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attention is captured.In addition to a good introduction, the body forms the core address to the title (Cottrell, 2008). The various issues are organized and presented in at least three body paragraphs according to the number of topics chosen. Each body paragraph forms its controlling idea. The body paragraphs have three main sections, the main point, support, and transitions. The main point should conn ect with the overall focus of the essay Greetham (2008). For an effective essay, the body paragraph will often start with a topic sentence. The topic sentence summary of the paragraph reflects the thesis statement summary the whole essay. Though the topic sentence comes after the body paragraph introduction, the topic sentence can come first, Cottrell (2008). The most intriguing part of this paragraph is providing the support explanations, evidence, and examples (Peck and Coyle, 2005). Peck and Coyle (2005) specify explanation to take a logical cause, because evidence and examples to be factual information that is research-based. For this reason, crediting these sources of information is equally important. Finally is the transition statement that creates a bridge from a paragraph to the next. Cottrell established that the body takes most of the essay yet it should have three sentences with varied authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s length decision.In order, to summarize, the Body paragraphs, and t he essayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s introduction, (Greetham, 2008) states that the conclusion should answer the thesis statement. It summarizes the main points and highlights of the body paragraphs and the relevance and implications of the essay's findings (Greetham, 2008). Greetham (2008) notes that good conclusions amplify the main points. The remaining part expands out, giving the reader an idea of the relevance, implications and affirms...

Counselling and Technology Research Proposal - 1375 Words

Counselling and Technology (Research Proposal Sample) Content: Diversity: Counselling and TechnologyNameInstitutionEffects of technology on young people and the level of counseling required.IntroductionAdvanced technology has been one of the causes of decayed morals in the society. It is evident that, advanced technology is a threat to the counselling profession. Artificial counselors are crucial because it is predicted that, in the future, there will be inadequate human counselors to meet the growing need in the society. Therefore, it is necessary to understand that, the function of counseling is important. There is a great need to the paper will summarize the issues, trends, challenges and successes that the counseling profession might face in the future (Hutchby, 2007). Literature reviewTechnology has an adverse effect to the young generation. Social sites like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and television program have immensely contributed to the moral decay of the current generation, especially the adolescent. The rapid techno logical growth has affected the lifestyle of all individuals in a positive way. It has contributed to political, economic and social progress. It is unfortunate that the social effect is underway. It is clear that the minds of children, teenagers and adolescents is blank. They have a high level of dexterity. They fill their minds with any information provided to them. The information may not have been extracted from books, but the TV, texting and games. Children have access to gadgets; this increases the chances of getting information that is not useful to them. Overuse of the information can deteriorate their communication, education and personal growth. (Hutchby, 2007). The effects include,Elevated ExasperationChildren, especially the teenagers have involved themselves in texting, games and internet. In one way or another, this has negatively affected their psyche. As a result of frustration, they do anything on the internet sites or even when they are playing. They do not have e nough time to talk or listen to their parents. For example, they are asked to take the trash out, instead of doing it, they get furious. At the end of the day, their emotions are damaged (Hutchby, 2007). Lack of physical interactivityTechnology has introduced a different and unique method of communication and interaction. Many people have opted to use Facebook, Twitter, apps and role playing online games. Many of the children do not have a physical communication skill with other children and people. Many of these kids do not know how to take themselves or the gestures they should take (Hutchby, 2007). Declining writing skills. Writing skills for most of the children has tremendously declined because of excessive usage of shortcuts and online chatting. They have heavily relied on digital information forgetting to improve their grammar and their writing skills (Hutchby, 2007). Deteriorated patienceThere are hardships in life that requires one to be patient and determined. Accord ing to research conducted, tolerance in children is declining because of improper use of technology. It is true that children get frustrated on the internet when they surf the internet and the page take forever to load. In return, they transfer the same concept in handling the real life situations (Hutchby, 2007). Therefore, it is essential to set the corrective measures to curb this situation before it becomes rampant. Counselling has gone global to help people deal with social challenges. Governments and private sectors around the world have recognized the need for mental wellness and wealth. A structured counseling procedure has to be put in to avoid these challenges. Counselors must reduce or relieve the acute distress it involves creating an emphasis on emotional release and a way of solving the negative effects of technology (Braun, 2007). Counselling involves,Encouraging children to do other social activities to stop them from spending most of their time on the computer scr een and other gadgets. Activities like team sports, after school clubs and scouts. It will help the children to know how to live with others and how to react in certain circumstances.It is also important to monitor and set clear limits on the use of computers and other gadgets. Parents and guardians have a vital role to play. They must monitor their children closely to ensure they are not affected by the new technologies. They can also use apps instead of Smartphones to limit the children from using data from certain sites (Braun, 2007).Counselors must be prepared with the right skills to decrease the effects of increased technology. At the same time, it is clear that counselors may use technology to help them to remain competitive in their professionalism. Counselors may decide to visit the elementary, secondary, colleges and universities to educate children about the negative effects of technology and how to solve these challenges. Counselors must have undergone a thorough trainin g on how to handle the specific challenges of individuals (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Studies have shown that a critical analysis of technology and the level of counselling required ha a greater impact on children. The counselor has to identify those negative impacts and come up with a comprehensive solution to the challenges. Parents have the fundamental role to play in their childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life. Professional counselors can not solve the negative impacts on their children without the full support of parents and or their guardians (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Councils have a duty to analyze the negative effects of technology and come up with strategies to curb them. During the implementation and counseling session it is good for the leader to use both the teaching and the practical parts. It is also imported to scrutinize the mental counselling of the children before doing a mental counseling (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Children come from different environments, and when doing counseling different backgrounds must be included. Governments in different states must support the counseling departments. Lastly, there must be a restriction on the things that are posted on the internet. This will help children to access useful information only. The research has also shown that, children who undergo this counseling end up being morally upright children (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).ConclusionSocial support is an important element in the physical health of every individual. It is also important to note that technology does not only have the negative effects. Counselors may use it to deliver psychological support to all people in the world. If technology is used in a bad way and to the wrong ... Counselling and Technology Research Proposal - 1375 Words Counselling and Technology (Research Proposal Sample) Content: Diversity: Counselling and TechnologyNameInstitutionEffects of technology on young people and the level of counseling required.IntroductionAdvanced technology has been one of the causes of decayed morals in the society. It is evident that, advanced technology is a threat to the counselling profession. Artificial counselors are crucial because it is predicted that, in the future, there will be inadequate human counselors to meet the growing need in the society. Therefore, it is necessary to understand that, the function of counseling is important. There is a great need to the paper will summarize the issues, trends, challenges and successes that the counseling profession might face in the future (Hutchby, 2007). Literature reviewTechnology has an adverse effect to the young generation. Social sites like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and television program have immensely contributed to the moral decay of the current generation, especially the adolescent. The rapid techno logical growth has affected the lifestyle of all individuals in a positive way. It has contributed to political, economic and social progress. It is unfortunate that the social effect is underway. It is clear that the minds of children, teenagers and adolescents is blank. They have a high level of dexterity. They fill their minds with any information provided to them. The information may not have been extracted from books, but the TV, texting and games. Children have access to gadgets; this increases the chances of getting information that is not useful to them. Overuse of the information can deteriorate their communication, education and personal growth. (Hutchby, 2007). The effects include,Elevated ExasperationChildren, especially the teenagers have involved themselves in texting, games and internet. In one way or another, this has negatively affected their psyche. As a result of frustration, they do anything on the internet sites or even when they are playing. They do not have e nough time to talk or listen to their parents. For example, they are asked to take the trash out, instead of doing it, they get furious. At the end of the day, their emotions are damaged (Hutchby, 2007). Lack of physical interactivityTechnology has introduced a different and unique method of communication and interaction. Many people have opted to use Facebook, Twitter, apps and role playing online games. Many of the children do not have a physical communication skill with other children and people. Many of these kids do not know how to take themselves or the gestures they should take (Hutchby, 2007). Declining writing skills. Writing skills for most of the children has tremendously declined because of excessive usage of shortcuts and online chatting. They have heavily relied on digital information forgetting to improve their grammar and their writing skills (Hutchby, 2007). Deteriorated patienceThere are hardships in life that requires one to be patient and determined. Accord ing to research conducted, tolerance in children is declining because of improper use of technology. It is true that children get frustrated on the internet when they surf the internet and the page take forever to load. In return, they transfer the same concept in handling the real life situations (Hutchby, 2007). Therefore, it is essential to set the corrective measures to curb this situation before it becomes rampant. Counselling has gone global to help people deal with social challenges. Governments and private sectors around the world have recognized the need for mental wellness and wealth. A structured counseling procedure has to be put in to avoid these challenges. Counselors must reduce or relieve the acute distress it involves creating an emphasis on emotional release and a way of solving the negative effects of technology (Braun, 2007). Counselling involves,Encouraging children to do other social activities to stop them from spending most of their time on the computer scr een and other gadgets. Activities like team sports, after school clubs and scouts. It will help the children to know how to live with others and how to react in certain circumstances.It is also important to monitor and set clear limits on the use of computers and other gadgets. Parents and guardians have a vital role to play. They must monitor their children closely to ensure they are not affected by the new technologies. They can also use apps instead of Smartphones to limit the children from using data from certain sites (Braun, 2007).Counselors must be prepared with the right skills to decrease the effects of increased technology. At the same time, it is clear that counselors may use technology to help them to remain competitive in their professionalism. Counselors may decide to visit the elementary, secondary, colleges and universities to educate children about the negative effects of technology and how to solve these challenges. Counselors must have undergone a thorough trainin g on how to handle the specific challenges of individuals (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Studies have shown that a critical analysis of technology and the level of counselling required ha a greater impact on children. The counselor has to identify those negative impacts and come up with a comprehensive solution to the challenges. Parents have the fundamental role to play in their childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life. Professional counselors can not solve the negative impacts on their children without the full support of parents and or their guardians (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Councils have a duty to analyze the negative effects of technology and come up with strategies to curb them. During the implementation and counseling session it is good for the leader to use both the teaching and the practical parts. It is also imported to scrutinize the mental counselling of the children before doing a mental counseling (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).Children come from different environments, and when doing counseling different backgrounds must be included. Governments in different states must support the counseling departments. Lastly, there must be a restriction on the things that are posted on the internet. This will help children to access useful information only. The research has also shown that, children who undergo this counseling end up being morally upright children (Singer, D Singer et al, 2001).ConclusionSocial support is an important element in the physical health of every individual. It is also important to note that technology does not only have the negative effects. Counselors may use it to deliver psychological support to all people in the world. If technology is used in a bad way and to the wrong ...

The Red Room by H.G Wells and The Signalman by Charles...

The Red Room by H.G Wells and The Signalman by Charles Dickens `The Red Room by H.G Wells and The Signalman by Charles Dickens are two short stories set in the later 19th century (The Red Room 1896, The Signalman 1860s). The Red Room is a Gothic horror story while The Signalman is a story containing many elements of Gothic horror from the earlier 19th century. They both mention the supernatural although The Signalman is questioning it and The Red Room is a story made to prove that there is no such thing as the supernatural. H. G Wells created fear and suspense in The Red Room in many ways. He raises the suspense level mainly through the personalities of the three old custodians, with language, description†¦show more content†¦Another phrase that raises questions in the readers mind and excites them is when the old woman says This night of all nights!. This makes the reader think what is so unique about tonight. And the descriptions of the three old people appearances and their actions increases the level of fear, suspense and disgust. One of which was, the old people were trying to enhance the spiritual terrors. This phrase comes back to whether there are ghosts haunting the house or not. One of the most important descriptions in this story was the word atavistic which is a word meaning ancient and as if from another supernatural place, showed that the narrator thought that they might be beings of the supernatural, which also shows he is losing reason. Another part of the story that helped in many ways to make readers at the edge of their seats and frightened was when the narrator was in the Red Room. When the candles start going out increases the fear and suspense level tremendously. The two phrases from that part of the story that helped was when he said as if the wicks had been suddenly nipped between a finger and thumb and an invisible hand seemed to sweep out the two candles makes the reader thinkShow MoreRelated The Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by H.G. Wells3559 Words   |  15 PagesThe Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Red Room by H.G. Wells To be denied of information as a reader is far more powerful than to know the truth. 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Coincidence? Charles Dickens invites you to decide. This dissertation from www.coursework.info For the duration of this half term we have studied numerous short stories from the book Telling Tales. Throughout thisRead MoreThe Characters and Narrative Development in the Stories of Charles Dickens and H.G. Wells1224 Words   |  5 PagesCharacters and Narrative Development in the Stories of Charles Dickens and H.G. Wells In the 19th Century there was a great facination about the supernatural and also a huge incrase in the number of literate people. This became a time where people would often hold psychic readings and seances in their homes. Short stories of the supernatural were featured in newspapers and were very popular at this time. The story The Signalman is all about a man who works at a railway Read MoreThe Use of Language in The Red Room and The Signalman Essay2418 Words   |  10 Pagesatmosphere in The Red Room and The Signalman? 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Equitable rights to a property - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2675 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? A) After considering the concern you have raised during our meeting I have prepared a summary of the law and advice. Although there is not any reference to notice or restriction on the property there are equitable rights which can bind the purchaser of a property even if there is not any reference to them on the register. Martin has stated that he has paid half the purchase price of the property when he and Penelope purchased the property. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Equitable rights to a property" essay for you Create order When an individual has paid towards the acquisition of the property they will acquire a resulting trust in the property. A beneficial interest awarded via a resulting is normally restricted to the actual amount invested by the individual. If Martin can prove that he did indeed pay more than half of the purchase price at the initial acquisition of Bylands It is likely that he has acquired a beneficial interest in the property by way of a resulting trust. As it is possible that Martin owns an equitable interest in the property he could therefore claim that his interest will bind the purchaser of the property. This will depend if Martin is deemed in actual occupation of Bylands under schedule 3 Paragraph 2 of the Land Registration Act 2002. A wife and husband occupation will be viewed as separate as expressed in William Glynà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Bank Ltd v Boland. The wife has acquired a beneficial interest by way of a resulting trust her husband had remortgaged the property which was in his sole name. He fell behind on the payment and the bank sought to repossess. The wife claimed that her occupation an interest was seperate and would override the bank interest, the House of Lords held that her occupation could be distinguished from her husbands and her interest did in fact override that of the bank. At the time that the property was viewed Martin was on a two month tour with his modern jazz band. In the case Chhokar v Chhokar[1] a husband tried to deprive his wife of her equitable interest buy selling the property which was in his sole name while she was in hospital. On her return from hospital she was excluded from the property buy the purchaser the court of appeal held that she had an overriding interest. A persons belongings on their own will not suffice as occupation on their own Strand Securities v Caswell [2]. The case law therefore dose not exclude person who are on a temporary break if there has been belonging in are still in the and there has been p revious occupation with the intention to return after the break. The court will consider if the occupation would be obvious after a reasonably careful inspection. The opening of drawers and cupboard would beyond reasonable inspection but making further inquires would not be as illustrated by Kingsnorth Finance Co Ltd v Tizard[3]. However, the occupation is required to be discoverable. It would depend on how obvious it would on a reasonable careful inspection and the availability of making additional inquires. For example if the presence of Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s belongings were obvious or his occupation would have been obvious by speaking g to the neighbours or estate agent. It is normal practice for the mortgage company to secure waver of all people living in the property, it is therefore worth checking with the mortgage company if you have a mortgage on the property. It is possible for Martin share to be overridden but the purchaser if there are two trustee but as is appears that the property was only in Penelopeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s name it is apparent that there was only one trustee in this case and therefore it would not be possible. It is imperative that Penelopeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s details are forward for communication to be established in order to recover the purchase price or for the correct proportion of the price paid is given to Martin depending on the establishing on further facts relating to Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s occupation. Declan states that he has a three year lease for the studio flat at the top of Bylands but he does not have any written evidence of the lease. A legal lease which is over three years must be made by deed section 52(1) of the Law of Property Act 1925 but a legal lease for term of three years or less there is no requirements of a deed. As Martin lease is for a term of three years or less there is no requirement for a deed and can validly be made orally. Lease are known as the second legal estate under section 1(1) of the Law of Property Act 1925 and are further defined in section 205 (1) of the Law of Property Act 1925 as an estate in land for a fixed maximum period. In addition there are certain requirements for a lease to arise these are defined by Lord Templeman in the Case Street v Mountford[4] as exclusive possession for a fixed period or periodic term certain in consideration of a premium or periodic payments. Rent or premium must be fixed amount that does not fluctuate from month to month .In addition the lease must be have a fix maximum term. In order for there to be exclusive possession the tenant must have control over the premises occupied and the area must be the exclusion of the landlord from the area lived by the tenant of the. The flat is self contained and People and Martin were excluded from the are further enquires to ascertain Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lease is also for a fixed term of three years. Further details is relation to the amount and regularity of rent paid wou ld need to be clarified. Based on the facts before me it would appear that the requirement of a lease has been fulfilled. As Declan lease is for three years it is not necessary for any registration or to be evidenced by a formal written document. In the event of Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lease was over three years it would be required to be in writing. If Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lease was an equitable lease it should be entered as a notice on the lessorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s title to be binding, however , if the tenant is in actual occupation the lease will bind the purchaser of the property under paragraph 2 of schedules 1 and 3 of the Land Registration Act 2002. In addition Leases of less than seven years are also binding on the purchaser of the legal estate under schedules 1 and 3 of the Land Registration Act 2002. Therefore the purchaser of Bylands will be subject to Declanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lease for the self contained studio flat on the top floor of the house. Declan has al so asserted that he has paid  £15,0000 for the option to buy Bylands within the next three years for  £700,000. He has a written contract signed by Penelope and Martin. It appears that the document is a valid option to buy, but in order for the option to be bind the purchaser it must be registered. An option to buy is classed as an estate contract class C iv land charge which must be registered on the title before the purchase takes place as expressed in Philips v Mobil Oil Co Ltd[5]. If the charge is not registered it will be void against the purchaser for money or money worth under section 4(6) of the Land Charges Act 1972. The option will be void if unregistered even if the purchaser had actual knowledge of the option existing as illustrated in the case Midland Bank Trust Co v Green[6] Lord Wilberforce stated it is not fraud to rely on legal rights conferred by statutenotice and good faith are irrelevant. As there is not any sign of registration of the option to buy in favour of Declan therefore the purchaser of Bylands will not be bound by the option. It is likely that Martins has an equitable interest in Bylands by way of a resulting trust which may be binding on the purchaser of Bylands. In additional the purchaser will be subject to Declanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lease. In order to terminate the lease the landlord will need to pursue the provision under the Protection from Eviction Act 1977. As the option to purchase in Declanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s favour is not registered the purchaser of Bylands will not be subject to the option. B) When a lease is created there are covenants contained in the lease. These are promises by which one party undertakes to do or not to do something these can be implied or express covenants. The tenants implied obligation are keeping property in a tenant-like manner Warren v Keen[7], allowing the landlord to enter the property to inspect Mint v Good[8] and to pay rent and taxes. The landlords implied obligations are to permit the tenant quiet enjoyment of the premises and keep the property fit for human habitation under section 8 of the Landlord Tenant Act 1985. There are many types of express covenants which will be written in to the contract the most common is not to sub-let the property. The enforcement of covenants were dramatically different before the Landlords and Tenants (Covenants) Act 1995. The contractual relationship arising from the covenant will continue even after the tenant has assigned the lease or the reversion of the freehold has been sold by the landlord. Therefore the original tenant would have only covenanted for there own conduct but that of those who are assigned the lease. The previous landlord will also be liable for a breach of a covenant when they are no longer the owner of the freehold. Even if it is not expressed that the covenant related not only to themselves but there successor of the title it will be implied through virtue of section 79 of the Law of Pro perty Act 1925. Therefore if the assigned tenant breaches a covenant the original tenant will still be liable to be sued by the landlord for their successor breach Thursby v Plant[9]. Likewise the landlord who has sold the freehold will be liable to be sued by the tenant for a breach of a covenant by the new landlord. The tenant would be liable for the term of the lease for any breach of covenants by their successor. The burden of most covenants will also pass to the new tenant under the assignment of the lease and they will be personally liable for the breach. This means a choice of who to sue was provided the original tenant under privity of contract or the new tenant under the assignment of the lease. It is usually more convenient to sue the new tenant who has caused the breach, but if the new tenant disappears or not worth suing the landlord can recover his loss from the original tenant. As mentioned previous the same rules apply to the liability of a landlord who has sold th e property. If the original tenant or landlord had been sued it is possible they could recover their losses. The original tenant or landlord can directly sue the person who committed the regardless of the number of times it has been assigned through the rule in Moule v Garret[10]. This is that where one person is compelled to pay damages by the legal default of another, he is entitled to recover from that person the sum paid. He may also who will then recover their loss from their assignee as so on until the loss is recovered from the person who has committed the breach. The fact that the original tenant or landlord remained liable for any breach of covenant by their successors throughout the whole term of the lease had produced unfair results main due to the fact tenant and landlords were not always a ware of the true nature of the provisions. During economic difficulties in the 80à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the hardship was intensified for original landlords and tenants which led to pressure for a change in the legislation. Many found themselves in the position of being sued as the current tenant could not afford to pay in many cases the lease had passed several times and the original tenant knew nothing of the current tenant or landlord. The 1995 Landlord and Tenant Act provides for the release from covenant except personal ones for the original landlord and tenant. For the tenant the release is automatic section 5 of the 1995 Act provides that from the assignment of the lease the tenant is released from the burden of the covenants. The section relates to any assignment of the lease and will cover all assignment not just the one from the original tenant. Although the original tenant will be freed automatically from the burden of the covenants the landlord may requires him to entre in to an authorised guarantee agreement by which he guarantee the assigneeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s conduct. The landlord is permitted to offer such agreement when either it is a condi tion that his permission is required at the assignment of the lease or when it is a condition to consenting to the assignment of the lease. Although the 1995 Act provides that landlords are released from the burden of the covenants the release is not automatic on the reversion of the lease. The Act provides a procedure under section 8 by which the landlord is required to give notice of the intended or actual assignment of the reversion and request release from the covenants. When tenant doses not respond or consent the landlord can apply to the court for an order that it is reasonable that he is released from the covenant. The tenant has the right to oppose the assignment and release from the covenants. Under section 11 of the Act the burden can still continue for the original landlord or tenant when an assignment has taken place contrary to a covenant forbidding the assignment or assignment by law through bankruptcy or death. Only covenants which are not truly personal will p ass. An example of a personal covenant is in BHP Petroleum Ltd v Chesterfield Ltd[11], in this case the original landlord had promised to undertake certain remedial work to the property and it was clear that this was to be a personal obligation that could not be enforced against the landlordà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s successors. The court held the nature of the covenant was did not fall under the scope of landlordà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s covenants and therefore was not subject to the Act. The benefits of the Act for original tenant is that section 17 provides that the landlord cannot recover arrears of rent or other fixed sum from a former tenant unless within six months of the money falling duje the landlord has served a notice of the intention to recover. This prevent landlords from allowing rent arrears accumulating and then pursuing the original tenant where they have not been released from their obligation .Section 18 negates the rule in Centrovincial Estates Plc v Bulk Storage Ltd[12] that the original tenant will be liability can increase with variation of the lease after the assignment. An original tenant also has the right under section 19 to grant an overriding lease in which will take effect as a concurrent lease or a lease of the reversion. This will have the effect of investing the landlordà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s powers of enforcement in the original tenant allowing him to limit his liability. The limitation of the landlords and tenants id not yet absolutely resolved but the Act has made huge improvement. Despite the fact it can be undoubtedly unjust that the original tenant or landlord can be liable In some cases it may be unjust that there no other recourse when the original landlord or tenant has knowingly re-assigned the reversion or the lease knowingly to an unscrupulous tenant or landlord. Bibliography Burn, EH Cartwright J Cheshire and Burnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Modern Law of Real Property (17th edition, 2006) Oxford: OUP BLACKSTONEà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â €ž ¢S STATUTES ON PROPERTY LAW 2007-2008 OXFORD 14TH Edition April Stroud, Making Sense of Land Law (2nd edition, 2008) Palgrave Macmillan Judith-Anne Mackenzie Mary Philips Textbook on Land Law 12TH Edition OXFORD 1 Footnotes [1] 1984 FLR 313 [2] 1965 Ch 958 [3] 1986 1 WLR 783 [4] 1985 AC 809 [5] 1989 1 WLR 888 [6] 1981 AC 513 [7] 1954 1 QB 15 [8] 1951 1 KB 517 [9] 1 Saund 230 [10] 1872 LR 7 Ex 101 [11] 2002 Ch 194 [12] 1983 46 P R 393

Effective Persuasive Techniques Used By John Donne s ``...

Effective Argument Techniques Effective argumentative and persuasive techniques are a course of reasoning aimed at validating or falsifying the truth in an argument. With an in-depth analysis of literature, the perplex intentions of a writer that use such techniques can be revealed. Methods such as logical fallacies, rhetorical devices, and satirical devices are three approaches that construct a piece of work on a more compelling level. Behind these elements of writing, there are a multitude of purposes. Various writers use these techniques with the aim of obscuring the audience s perception, driving them to uncover the deeper message. Alternatively, writers may use it in establishing social criticism, while maintaining a humorous undertone. Distinct examples can be shown in John Donne’s poem â€Å"The Flea†, which indicates a logical fallacy, Jonathan Swift’s essay â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, which illustrates a rhetorical device, and JP Sears’ satirical video â€Å"If Meat Eate rs Acted Like Vegans†. One of the many components of an effective argumentative technique is a logical fallacy. A logical fallacy is a false or deceptive argument that presents a flaw in logic. A specific aspect of a logical fallacy is appeal to emotion. Appeal to emotion is the manipulation and arousal of emotions for the sake of gaining acceptance of a conflicting viewpoint. Emotions are harnessed in order to cloud any form of rationality. This is why appeal to emotion is considered a fallacy, because an error

The Wall Street Is An Useful Tool For The American Economy

Pros of Wall Street Wall Street is an extremely useful tool for the American economy. It helps those who are in the lower part of the social ladder by giving them a chance to climb the ladder of economic opportunity. Wall Street also helps boost other industries within America, thereby making it vital for the American economy. As Wall Street is one of the most important financial institutions in the world and provides more positive aspects for the economy than negative ones. Wall Street is extremely important for the American economy. Jeff Madrick, the editor of Challenge: The Magazine of Economic Affairs, in his piece â€Å"Does America need Wall Street†, cites historian Alfred Chandler, who argued that the majority of the money put into America during industrialization came from corporate profits (Madrick).Those profits were able to make technological advances for all Americans. Daniel Indiviglio, former associate editor of the Atlantic, states that Wall Street is also important to the economy because it helps banks create capital (Indiviglio). That bank capital helps create jobs in the economy by causing more money to be available to be put into the economy. Wall Street plays an important part in the economy, and without it, America would face financial hardships. Wall Street also helps the American economy by providing the opportunity to be able to move up the financial ladder. Adam Davidson, a journalist who focuses on business and economic issues for National PublicShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Online News839 Words   |  4 PagesOn the front page of today’s online business section of the Wall Street Journal, two headlines were presented side by side. 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The Melbourne Coffee for Business Capstone Project By Traders

Question: Discuss about the Melbourne Coffee for Business Capstone Project. Answer: Introduction: Coffeeis the world's most traded agricultural commodity. Thetradeis valued over US$15 billion and annually almost 100 million bags ofcoffee are moved around the world. Coffeewas introduced into Papua New Guinea (PNG) in the 1950s and is now that country's second most important agricultural product (Allen, B. 2014). Coffee is not just drink it is a global commodity. Good coffee is practically considered as a birthright and the fever of coffee in Melbourne has beaten Rome, Sydney and Vienna in terms of serving best coffee in the world. Melbourne is the most important coastal city of Australia and it is also known as creative capital of the country. The coffee cafs of Melbourne are the culture of the city and it is a very unique part of the lives of the people living there. The Bluestone Lane which is inspired by the world's renowned coffee culture is found in Melbourne Australia. The coffee culture of Melbourne is actually made up of layers and sophistication. The coffee is the part of Melbourne's fabric and DNA. Nobody can copy Melbourne's coffee culture due to its distinct climate, people and tradition. Melbourne is often referred to as the coffee capital of the world. Melbourne's caf culture is known for its heritage passed within generations. The Australian city of Melbourne in the state of Victoria is all about being a location for coffee with a 'plus', and this is observable in its caf culture which is not confined to just excellent coffee - but an experience that goes well beyond in many ways. During the last few decades, coffee has evolved from the popular espresso and latte to a more refined, gourmet beverage with connoisseurs analyzing the different roasts, flavor profiles and blends of the beans. Currently the young Australian entrepreneurs are also taking interest in cafes and coffee business. As the country is obsessed with coffee Australian culture shun American style drip coffee and prefer espresso(Adams, 2012). The total revenue expected from coffee business in Australia during the year 2912 to 2017 is 6 billion dollar. The coffee market of the country is growing at the rate of 7.2 percent. Total number of workers employed in the coffee business in the country is around 71,957 and a total of 14411 business firms are involved in the coffee business in the country(Clark, 2013). The current culture of coffee in the country is showing a high-expected growth in the coming years. In the last five years the coffee cafes and shops have expanded and becoming increasingly diverse. The growing number of specialty cafes and coffee shops and culture of Australia have resulted in a high industry competition, low industry concentration and low barriers to entry (Clark, 2013). To meet the rising demands from boutique specialty roasters for high quality green beans, an organization under the name of Melbourne Coffee Merchants has been established in the year 2008. MCM supply coffee around the Australia. According to the Dan Gallo CEO of Melbourne coffee chain Degani Caf the total coffee retail market of worth $ 3.2 million are driven by local independents. The coffee market of the city is growing at about 2.37 percent every year(Adams et al., 2016). There is a degree of latent demand of coffee in the city market. In the next few years the city will face the shortage of high quality coffee beans which will ultimately higher prices until the supply meets the demand. In the last 20 years the size of coffee retailers has been increased from 1560 to 4768 coffee retailers(Adams et al., 2016). The major reason behind this sudden growth in the retail business of coffee seeds is that a huge number of cafes and coffee shops have developed in Melbourne. Consequently, there has been an unprecedented rise in the demand of coffee beans all across the city. The biggest coffee chains in Melbourne are Gloria Jeans Coffee (a total of 79 stores), Hudsons Coffee (30 stores), McCafe (housed in 118 McDonalds stores), Starbucks Coffee (25 stores) and The Coffee Club (22 stores)(Adams et al., 2016). Noneof them owns more than six percent share of the total coffee market of the city. In terms of total revenue share of coffee shops in Melbourne in different product offerings, coffee sales is contributed 51 percent of the total revenue of all the coffee shops in the city. Other beverages like tea, hot chocolate and milkshakes contributed 21.5 percent and other food like sandwiches, eggs and toast, cookies etc contributed the remaining 27.5 percent of the total revenue (Adams et al., 2016). To conclude the topic, it is clear that (based on the research information) Australian cities plays a significant role in the world coffee business and is in a fast growing phase. Among all those cities Melbourne is well known for its unique coffee culture, which has operated over the years in a massive scale. The most eruptive point to notice is the massive growth of the sales of the industry and the expectancy to boom so. This will open new market opportunities for many individual and sophisticated investors to participate in a dramatic scale over the coming decade and onwards. However, according to the research not all the new entrants will survive, the expected quality and existing rivalry is so high that you cannot survive without something special. The Arabica coffee beans are considered as one of the best coffee beans around the world. It will be a very interesting fact to see the effect of this quality coffee beans make to the industry in Melbourne. Melbourne coffee traders Australian Coffee Trade Association Inc is the coffee association of the country. Currently sustainable coffee is considered as the biggest growth sector in the coffee industry. The annual growth rate of sustainable coffee in the country is between 10 percent and 20 percent. The growth rate of sustainable coffee even exceeds the growth rate of specialty coffee whose growth rate is between 5 percent and 10 percent per year(McKay, 2016). As a summary, the Australian coffee merchants are following a direct trade mechanism, which helps them to deal with coffee producers in a straightforward method. They use this to build numerous relationships with the coffee growers and to negotiate better deals with due diligence and care. The expected quality and governance mechanisms are so high where merchants are not only looking for the best quality beans but also the sustainable growing patterns. Major Types of Coffee Beans that are being Used by the Traders in Melbourne: There is no gain re-stating the fact that Melbourne is considered to be one of the most caffeine-crazed cities in the entire world. Consequently, it is needless to say that the huge consumption of coffee by its residents is accompanied by an incredible high demand for a rich variety of coffee beans. While analyzing and assessing the prospect of importing and selling Colombian Arabica coffee in Melbourne, it would be discreet to know the kinds of coffee beans used by the traders in Melbourne at present. First of all, the most popular coffee bean in the cafes and the coffee bars of the city, is the high quality green bean. The most impressive feature of these beans is that they come with the guarantee of a superior flavor, and added to that its rich variety of flavor, such as Geisha or Bourbon, make it a favorite among the coffee consumers. Next, apart from these fine high quality green beans, the traders also sell freshly roasted coffee beans. These beans are unbeatable in taste and its power in intoxicating the senses of the consumer, and are widely appreciated for its freshness (Saerens et al. 2016). The blended coffee beans offering the traditional coffee taste are also traded here. For example, the Classic Italian blend, Hipster Barista Blend, or the Melbourne Espresso Blend, are highly popular in the coffee market of Melbourne. Besides, the sale of other coffee beans such as Papua New Guinea Beans and Kenyan Wamuguma beans deserve special mention here. Current Practice for Obtaining Coffee Beans as Used by the Melbourne Traders: The process of obtaining coffee seeds from the other part of the city or the world is important, as it enlightens the method by which the Melbourne traders import coffee, and thereby engage in the coffee trading industry. First of all, these traders purchase the coffee beans, from the wholesalers who are responsible for supplying and delivering the most popular coffee beans to the respective traders. The Bennetts, the Crop to Cup, or First Crop Coffee are some of the most popular and recognized coffee beans wholesalers, who are responsible for connecting the coffee traders of Melbourne with the coffee producers of different regions of the world. Besides, the non-profit organizations such as Australian Coffee Traders Association (ACTA) or Coffee and Nut Trading also help the traders obtain high quality coffee seeds from other parts of the world (Walters and Broom 2013). The brokers play an important role in providing the traders with the coffee beans in Melbourne. It is important to n ote here that a huge number of suppliers are selling coffee beans online as well, whereby the coffee products are ordered by the traders through the website, and the same are being delivered via the Australia Post e-parcel service. These online sites sell a variety of coffee beans available at a variety of prices. Current practice of Logistics: The logistics management of any product is very important as an effective logistic system helps in the growth in the sale of the product in a consumer market. As it has been already discussed above, the coffee beans are primarily imported from different parts of the world, or different regions of the country, via brokers or the online coffee trading sites. While the coffee beans are transported, the shipping process is properly taken care of (Ye and Wu 2014). The coffee beans are highly sensitive to moisture, and hence require to be shipped in woven bags, that enable free circulation of air. Hence, the protection and the ventilation measures require to be adopted in a cargo ship, while shipping the beans. The LIS, also known as the Logistics Information System plays an important role here, as the transfer of the data from one end to the other is highly important for enabling proper management of both the physical system as well as the consumer orders. The transport managers for examp le are responsible for collecting and passing on the information, such as the status summaries of the movement of goods. As far as the distribution of the goods is concerned, the coffee seeds are distributed via different online and retail intermediaries. Import Mechanism Practiced in Melbourne: The import mechanism practiced in Melbourne by the coffee traders is quite simple and effective. In case, the coffee products are entering from any foreign country, the process of importing however is not going to be too easy. Te coffee beans, while entering the city from any other country, will require to be enquired and examined by the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) authority. Besides, any coffee product that will be arriving in Australia from a foreign country, for commercial purpose, must have a phytosanitary certificate, along with an invoice, packing list as well as the ICO certification (Adams 2012). While the coffee beans are usually duty free, a merchandise processing fee and a harbor maintenance fee will be applicable. Overall coffee trading As per the market report the global production forecast for coffee production for the coming year will be around 154 million bags. The biggest coffee producer countries are Brazil (52 million bags), Vietnam (30.4 million bags), Indonesia (11.2 million bags), Colombia and the America's (12 million bags), Africa (1 million bags) etc.(Adams, 2012). On the other hand global demand for coffee beans is expected to be lower. In the year 2014-15 the total consumption of coffee was seen at 150.2 million bags but for the year 2015-16 the total consumption will likely to be flat (Adams, 2012). The import of coffee beans by Australia was growing at the rate of 5 to 10 percent every year till 2015 but the total import of coffee beans was flat in the year 2016(Adams, 2010). Australia imports coffee from a number of countries. The imported beans are both arabica and robusta. Arabica is mostly used in roasted market and robusta is mostly used in the instant coffee market. Traditionally the biggest exporter to Australia is Papua New Guinea followed by Vietnam. Indonesia, Brazil, India, Thailand, Colombia and Costa Rica are the other coffee supplier countries for Australia (Adams, 2010). Importing coffee can be used as the most rational method since Australia does not have the relative advantage of natural resources such as climate and cheap labor compared to the other coffee grown nations. This implies us the notion of the absolute advantage theory where a country must specialize in the products which it has an advantage of producing. In conclusion, to fulfill the needs and requirements of the market associated with demanded quality and quantity, it is better to import good quality coffee from the bigger and better producers than focusing on the small and different quality domestic production. Australia Total Coffee Consumption In the past year Australia served 1.5 million cups of coffee out of which 43 percent of cups were preferred of lette coffee followed by followed by 20 percent ordering flat whites and 12 percent of ordering cappuccinos(McKay, 2016). The 16 percent of coffee cups were made up of hot chocolate, iced beverages, teas, mochas, filter coffees, chai lattes and other unspecified beverages.The rest 9 percent cups were preferred for long blacksand espresso coffee. In terms of size the small coffees take 80.7 percent market size of total coffee market(McKay, 2016). Coffee is deeply embedded in the culture of the country and this is the reason behind the preference of coffee over tea by the local people of Australia. Australians are one of the highest consumers of instant coffee in the world. Australians prefer to but outside coffee(McKay, 2016). Australia is a significant consumer of tea but in the recent year the preference has been shifted towards coffee consumption. In terms of coffee consumption Unfiltered coffee and mesh-filtered coffee is the most preferred coffee in Australia. These forms of coffee have high levels of cafestol and kahweol(Chen Hu, 2010). In the terms of service quality the coffee outlets of the country are increasingly becoming competitive in providing effective service quality to its customers. Service quality influences the symbolic and functional value of customers. As per the study conducted by Chen and Hu (2009), coffee consumption in a coffee outlet is not just the matter of getting symbolic values and functional values but it is the matter of traditional customer values. Symbolic values in service quality include social, aesthetic, emotional and reputational values. The core attributes coffee quality and FB play an important role in driving value perception of a coffee outlet in Australia. The se two core attributes play major role in influencing customer's judgment in terms of symbolic and functional values(Chen Hu, 2010). A study was conducted by Wanget al. (2015) to analyze the coffee and caffeine consumption and depression. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between coffee intake and risk of depression. Espresso coffee is getting growth in Australian market as compared to roast and ground coffee market. To study the results data was collected from 11 articles. A total of 330677 participants were taken from the seven studies in the coffee depression analysis. A random-effects model was selected for the study with 95 percent confidence level. The result of the study stated that there is a significant association between coffee and caffeine consumption along with decreased risk of association. In Australia coffee drinking has become an everyday common pursuit. The society of the Australia seems unable to function without the intake of coffee every day. Third wavers of Australia separate themselves from espresso drinkers through their sophisticated flavors and taste of coffee (W ang et al., 2015). Colombian Arabica coffee In the year 2015 total amount of coffee export by the country was amounted at 30.5 US million dollars. Colombia is the world's leading producer of mild washed Arabica coffee. It produced a total of 1.3 million coffee bags (60 kg each) in the year 2015 which was a 10 percent increase as compared to the year 2014. Colombia is the second biggest coffee producer of coffee. In terms of Arabica coffee is it the largest producer of Arabica coffee. Arabica coffee is considered the highly quality bean of coffee. Colombia export coffee to many countries. The biggest importers of coffee from Colombia are United States, Germany, Japan, Italy and other European countries (Brien Adams, 2012). References Adams, J., 2010. Thoroughly modern coffee. Text Journal, (8), pp.1-13. Adams, J.E., 2012. Marketing Tea against a Turning Tide: Coffee and the Tea Council of Australia 19631974.M/C Journal,15(2). Adams, J., 2012. Australia's American coffee culture. The Australasian Journal of Popular Culture, 2(1), pp.23-36. [Accessed 2016]. Adams, J.E., 2012. Marketing Tea against a Turning Tide: Coffee and the Tea Council of Australia 19631974. M/C Journal, 15(2), p.8. Adams, B., Gans, J., Hayes, R. Lampe, R., 2016. Does Organizational Form Drive Competition? Evidence from Coffee Retailing. NBER Working Paper No. 22548, 1(1), pp.1-29. Allen, B. 2014, "FROM MODERN PRODUCTION TO IMAGINED PRIMITIVE: The Social World of Coffee from Papua New Guinea",Pacific Affairs,vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 198-200 Brien, D.L. Adams, J., 2012. Coffee: A Cultural and Media Focussed Approach. M/C journal, 15(2). Chen, P.-T. Hu, H.-H., 2010. How determinant attributes of service quality influence customer-perceived value. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(4), pp.535-51. Clark, L., 2013. Taking on the coffee competition. B T Weekly: Trade Journals. McKay, B., 2016. Coffee Consumption: Evil Foe or Helpful Friend? Australian Medical Student Journal, 1(1). Patterson, P.G., Scott, J. Uncles, M.D., 2010. How the local competition defeated a global brand: The case of Starbucks. Australasian Marketing Journal, 18, pp.41-47. Saerens, S. and Swiegers, J.H., Chr. Hansen A/S, 2016. Enhancement Of Coffee Quality And Flavor By Using Pichia Kluyveri Yeast Starter Culture For Coffee Fermentation. U.S. Patent 20,160,058,028 Walters, P. and Broom, A., 2013. More than one billion cups of coffee are consumed in cafs, restaurants, and other outlets each year in Australia, with an increase of 65 percent over the last 10 years. 1 While Australia is still lagging behind nations such as Italy and Japan in terms of drinking coffee outside the home (Ryan.Caf Society, p.185. Wang, L., Shen, X., Wu, Y. Zhang, D., 2015. Coffee and caffeine consumption and depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 50(3), pp.228-42. Adams, J.E., 2012. Marketing Tea against a Turning Tide: Coffee and the Tea Council of Australia 19631974.M/C Journal,15(2). Ye, H. and Wu, J., 2014. Selection of a Logistics Service Provider Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach: A case study of Swedish Coffee ManufacturerGevalia.

Company Law for Journal of Legal Insight - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCompany Law for Journal of Legal Insight. Answer: Directing Mind and Will The phrase directing mind and will is mainly associated with Lord Denning who interpreted the phrase in the case of H.L Bolton Co. Ltd v. T.J. Graham and Sons Ltd. The concept was referred by Denning in the case where he identified managers as the brains that play a significant role in corporate decision-making (Gurunay, p. 105). According to Lord Denning, the state of mind of a manager is the companys state of mind. According to Section 124 of the Corporation Act 2001, a limited business company can be regarded as a separate legal entity which possesses similar characteristics as an individual person. A corporation does not have physical existence, but this does not hinder the company from complying with the common and statute laws. The company can be held liable for breaching a contract. In determining the criminal liability of a company, it is imperative to understand the two types of liability which are primary and secondary. A company incurs primary liability when it is deemed to have done wrong by itself (Archibald, Jull Roach 2003). However, it is also imperative to note that a corporation or a company does not have the capability for physical action or possessing an intention or ideas and knowledge which differ from human beings. To understand better the meaning of the phrase Directing mind and will," Lord Denning's ruling in H.L Bolton Co. Ltd v. T.J. Graham and Sons Ltd. In his ruling, Lord Denning pointed out that the directors and managers of the company were similar to the brain of a human in a corporation which guides it by directing their mind and will. In other words, the companys decisions were directed by the directors and managers, which rendered them guilty as they had also rendered the company guilty. This implies that the phrase simply means that the decisions taken by managers and directors can be considered to be the decisions made by the company since the managers and directors are the "brains of the company, " and the company would act in accordance with their directions. Piercing the Corporate Veil In the Corporation Act 2001, corporations, and LLC are regarded as a legal entity, separate from their owners. The idea to separate owners from the companies was brought by the House of Lords in Salomon V, Salomon. In Salomon v. Salomon Co. Ltd, the House of Lords, affirmed a legal principle that is applicable today that, once a company is incorporated, it is considered as a legal entity that is separate from the legal shareholders and owners (Salomon v Salomon Co. 1897). The concept of separate legal entity has been applied in the Australian Corporate law for over hundreds of years. This legal principle allows companies to act in their own right and not on the basis of their controllers (Ramsay Noakes 2001). Shareholders, on the other hand, cannot be held liable for the debts of a company beyond their capital investment. This is what is referred to as the corporate veil. With time, the legal courts have appreciated the fact that the companys corporate veil can be pierced to deprive the shareholders the protection against the companys liability as offered by the limited liability principle. "Piercing the corporate veil," therefore, refers to a situation where the courts disregard the limited liability principle and hold a shareholder or a director personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation as if it were the actions of the shareholders or directors. In this case, the court disregards the separateness of the shareholder from the corporation. Such instances arise when the company or the shareholder request a court to do so due to some circumstance that may necessitate such an action. List of References Archibald, T., Jull, K. and Roach, K., 2003. The changed face of corporate criminal liability. Crim. LQ, 48, p.367. Corporation Act 2001 Gurunay, P. The directing mind and will test in corporate criminal liability. International journal of legal insight. Vol 1 (3). H.L Bolton Co. Ltd v. T.J. Graham and Sons Ltd. 1957 Ramsay, I. and Noakes, D.B., 2001. Piercing the corporate veil in Australia. Salomon v Salomon Co. 1897. AC 22 (Salomon).

Logically Proving God Essays - Philosophy Of Religion, Epistemology

Logically Proving God The following paper will provide a sound argument in favor of the existence of God. By demonstrating that an Atheist world cannot account for the preconditions of the laws of logic an Atheist cannot even account for a rational debate concerning the existence of God. The impossibility of the contrary, the best and only proof that the nesesary truth of the existence of God is his revelation of himself to us that makes it possible for us to use logic. This could be translated, using only nessesary truths, into the form of: L: (laws of logic) G: (God exists) if L entails G L ================ G Logic is the laws of reasoning that God has established. If God has established these laws of reasoning that we call logic then how could the Atheist system account for the laws of logic. First they are immaterial and universal, and how could anything immaterial and universal be accounted for in a naturalistic (matter only) universe. Second if God has established these laws of reasoning then there would be no atheism. An Atheist wants to believe in laws of logic which are universal in application, but in order to escape the ultimate implications of this idea ( there is a God who imposes universal standards of reason.), the Atheist will try to maintain that the laws of logic are merely conventions of general agreement amongst them. This is philosophically non-acceptable, if logic were simply a matter of convention, it would be impossible to have any kind of rational debate because either side could win by simply stipulating different laws of logic by convention. Therefore since univer sal laws cannot be changed by convention since they hold constant in all possible worlds is it not fair to say then that there is a God who imposes universal standards of reason. Philosophy